Combination Effect of δ-Tocotrienol and γ-Tocopherol on Prostate Cancer Cell Growth

Investigating the anti-cancer activities of the Delta-Tocotrienols and Gamma-Tocopherols on Prostate cancer cells in combination.

The following abstract is taken from a published study and is explained in simple terms to help you understand better. For deeper and technical insights regarding the action of Tocotrienols on human breast cancer cells, kindly refer to the reference link provided at the bottom of this abstract.

DELTA-TOCOTRIENOLS CAN SUPPORT

INHIBITION OF CELL PROLIFERATION

ATTENUATION OF TUMOR INVASION AND METASTASIS

INCREASE OF miR-451 EXPRESSIONS

REPRESSED EXPRESSION OF MMP-9 &Upa PROTEINS

Tocotrienols have been observed to have high potential in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. In vitro studies have shown that Gamma-Tocotrienols promotes apoptosis and autophagy in human prostate cancer cells. Moreover, Tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) has also displayed chemopreventive and therapeutic activities against prostate cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Introduction to Prostate Cancer and TRF

Prostate cancers are caused when the cells of the prostate gland start to multiply uncontrollably. Almost all kinds of prostate cancer are adenocarcinomas while other types of prostate cancers include small cell carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, sarcomas, and transitional cell carcinomas. It is the most commonly occurring cancer in men along with skin cancer. It has been estimated that in the United States of America,around 191,930 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer and 33,330 people will die suffering from prostate cancer, in 2020 alone! Prostate cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. In this study, a combination of two isomers of Vitamin E, Delta-Tocotrienols, and Gamma-Tocopherols was investigated for their anticancer properties against prostate cancer cells. Delta-Tocotrienols have been observed to demonstrate the most potent anticancer activities. Hence, in this study it has been investigated if the combination of both the isomers strengthens the inhibitory effects Delta-Tocotrienols on prostate cancer cell growth.

How does Delta-Tocotrienol fight Prostate Cancer?

In this study, the activities of Annatto Delta-Tocotrienols and Gamma-Tocopherol were investigated against the human androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). It was observed that the combined treatment of Gamma-Tocopherol and Delta-Tocotrienol resulted in reinforced anti-prostate cancer mechanisms and activities. The combination of both the isomers induced G1 arrest as well as G2/M arrest. The combined treatment also resulted in enhanced induction of apoptosis or programmed cell death in the prostate cancer cells. Hence, it can be concluded from the study that the combination of Gamma-Tocopherol and Delta-Tocotrienol incredibly inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells due to the simultaneous cell cycle arrest in the G1 as well as the G2/m phase.

Reference for the Study in detail:

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