Delta-tocotrienol Inhibits Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell Invasion via the Inhibition of NF-κB, uPA Activator, and MMP-
To investigate the possibility of MMP-9 inhibition as the mechanism underlying the
The following abstract is taken from a published study and is explained in simple terms to help you understand better. For deeper and technical insights regarding the action of Tocotrienols on human lung cancer cells, kindly refer to the reference link provided at the bottom of this abstract.
Antimetastatic properties of Delta-Tocotrienol on NSCLC cells.
DELTA-TOCOTRIENOLS CAN SUPPORT
INHIBITION OF CELL PROLIFERATION
ATTENUATION OF TUMOR INVASION AND METASTASIS
INCREASE OF miR-451 EXPRESSIONS
REPRESSED EXPRESSION OF MMP-9 &Upa PROTEINS
Delta-Tocotrienol is one of the four isoforms of Tocotrienols and thus an isomer of the Vitamin E. In several research and studies, very potent anticancer benefits of Tocotrienols, especially, Delta-Tocotrienols have been observed. Delta-Tocotrienol is one of the most potent anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents ever discovered.
Introduction to Lung Cancer and Delta-Tocotrienols
Both non-small cells and small cell lung cancer is the 2nd most common cancer in both women and men. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among both women and men. Lung cancer constitutes 25% of all cancer-related deaths. Every year, more people die of lung cancer than that of breast, prostate, and colon cancers combined! It has been estimated by the American Cancer Society, that in 2020 alone, around 228,829 new cases of lung cancer will originate while around 135,720 people are going to die of lung cancer.
The anti-invasive effects of Delta-Tocotrienol and its underlying cellular mechanism in NSCLC had not been fully explored. In this study, the effects of Delta-Tocotrienol on cell invasion, migration, adhesion, aggregation,and proliferation capabilities were investigated using different cell-based assays. Using gel zymography, the inhibitory effect of Delta-Tocotrienol on the MMP-9 enzyme was identified. Several regulatory genes, miRNA, and cellular proteins involved in the Notch-1 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-mediated MMP-9 pathways were examined using Western blot analysis and real-time PCR.
How does Delta-Tocotrienol fight Lung Cancer?
In the study, it was observed that Delta-Tocotrienols inhibited cell invasion, migration, adhesion, aggregation, and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) based cell migration and invasion are critical mechanisms in cancer growth and development. Hence, it was also observed that Delta-Tocotrienols reduced MMP-9 activities.
The Western blot and real-time PCR analysis data also demonstrated that Delta-Tocotrienol was able to increase miR-451 expressions and was able to downregulate Notch-1 mediated NF-kB, which resulted in the repression of the expression of MMP-9 and uPA proteins. Hence, it was shown that Delta-Tocotrienols attenuated tumor invasion and metastasis.
All the data generated in the study suggested that Delta-Tocotrienols may have a very potent therapeutic benefit against non-small-cells lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis.
In the study, it was observed that Delta-Tocotrienols inhibited cell invasion, migration, adhesion, aggregation, and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) based cell migration and invasion are critical mechanisms in cancer growth and development. Hence, it was also observed that Delta-Tocotrienols reduced MMP-9 activities.
The Western blot and real-time PCR analysis data also demonstrated that Delta-Tocotrienol was able to increase miR-451 expressions and was able to downregulate Notch-1 mediated NF-kB, which resulted in the repression of the expression of MMP-9 and uPA proteins. Hence, it was shown that Delta-Tocotrienols attenuated tumor invasion and metastasis.
All the data generated in the study suggested that Delta-Tocotrienols may have a very potent therapeutic benefit against non-small-cells lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis.
Suggested Usage:
EannattoDeltaGold Tocotrienol contains 90% Delta-Tocotrienol and 10% Gamma-Tocotrienol. One bottle of Eannatto Tocotrienols contains 125g, 60 gels. In studies, 400-900g of dosage of Tocotrienols, have been suggested by researchers for patients suffering from cancer.
Eannatto Tocotrienol has been derived from the Annatto plant, found in the Amazon which is 100% Tocopherol free. Also, Annatto contains 2x more Tocotrienols than Palm oil and 3x more Tocotrienols than rice bran oil.EannattoDeltaGold Tocotrienol contains 90% Delta-Tocotrienol and 10% Gamma-Tocotrienol. One bottle of Eannatto Tocotrienols contains 125g, 60 gels. In studies, 400-900g of dosage of Tocotrienols, have been suggested by researchers for patients suffering from cancer.
Eannatto Tocotrienol has been derived from the Annatto plant, found in the Amazon which is 100% Tocopherol free. Also, Annatto contains 2x more Tocotrienols than Palm oil and 3x more Tocotrienols than rice bran oil.Reference for the Study in detail:
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30100736/
- Polyphyllin VII induces apoptotic cell death via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and NF‑κB pathways in A549 human lung cancer cells.
He H, et al. Mol Med Rep. 2020. PMID: 31974591
- Delta-Tocotrienol Modulates Glutamine Dependence by Inhibiting ASCT2 and LAT1 Transporters in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells: A Metabolomic Approach.
Rajasinghe LD, et al. Metabolites. 2019. PMID: 30871192
The following abstract is taken from a published study and is explained in simple terms to help you understand better. For deeper and technical insights regarding the action of Tocotrienols on human breast cancer cells, kindly refer to the reference link provided at the bottom of this abstract.
